Chocolate Labrador Retriever roots can be traced to eight original bloodlines. Although, the Chocolate colored shade was not recognized as a separate color until the 20th century. Until then, the Chocolate Labrador Retriever can not be traced and were not registered. The chocolate Labrador Retriever was also well established in the early 20th century.

Labrador Retrievers can be registered in three colors; black, yellow, and chocolate. Some Labrador retrievers can have markings such as white patches on their chest and other areas, but most commonly they are one solid color.

Labrador Retriever puppies of all colors can happen in the same litter. Labrador Retriever color is determined primarily by two genes. The first gene (the B locus) determines the density of the coat's pigment granules, which results in a black coat. Less dense pigment granules result in a chocolate colored coat. The second (D) locus determines whether the pigment is produced at all. A dog with more d allele will produce little pigment and will be yellow. Variations in numerous other genes control the subtler details of the coat's coloration, which in yellow Labs varies from white to light gold to a fox red. The chocolate Labrador Retriever and black Labrador Retriever noses will match the coat color.